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Haemorrhoids (Piles): Types, Causes, Symptoms and Diagnosis of piles
What are Haemorrhoids (Piles)?
Blood vessels that are swollen and inflamed are called hemorrhoids or piles. These occur in the lower rectum or around the anus. They come in two main types: internal, which develop inside the rectum and are usually painless, and external, which form under the skin around the anus and can be painful. Hemorrhoids can arise from stress during bowel movements, prolonged sitting, and pregnancy. Common symptoms encompass rectal bleeding, itching, discomfort, and pain. Diagnosis involves a physical examination and sometimes additional tests. Management often involves dietary adjustments, increased fluid intake, and, in severe cases, medical interventions. His surgical prowess, precision, and consistently outstanding results rank him as one of the renowned Piles Doctor in Jaipur.
Types of Piles
Hemorrhoids, commonly known as piles, are vascular structures of the anal canal that can swell and inflame. They generally fall into two categories according to their location and characteristics.
1. Internal Haemorrhoids
These develop within the rectum, originating above the dentate line. They are often painless and may cause bright red bleeding during bowel movements. Internal hemorrhoids are categorized into four degrees, ranging from small swellings to protrusions that require manual reduction.
2. External Haemorrhoids
These form around the anal opening beneath the skin. They can be painful and cause itching, discomfort, and sometimes bleeding. Thrombosed external hemorrhoids occur when blood within the swollen vein clots, leading to severe pain and inflammation.
Both types of hemorrhoids can result from straining during defecation, constipation, pregnancy, and prolonged sitting. Management involves dietary changes, fiber supplementation, increased fluid intake, and improved toilet habits. Topical treatments, pain relief measures, and, in extreme cases, rubber band ligation or surgical removal may be necessary.
Causes of Piles
The exact cause of piles is not always clear, but several factors can contribute to their development:- Straining during Bowel Movements: Prolonged straining or constipation can pressure the blood vessels in the rectum and anus, leading to piles.
- Pregnancy: The increased pressure on the pelvic area during pregnancy can cause hemorrhoids to develop.
- Sedentary Lifestyle: Sitting for prolonged periods can increase pressure on the rectal area and contribute to pile formation.
- Obesity: Excess body weight can put additional pressure on the pelvic region, leading to the development of piles.
- Low-Fiber Diet: A lack of dietary fiber can result in constipation, increasing the risk of piles.
- Chronic Diarrhea: Chronic diarrhea can irritate the rectal area and lead to the development of piles.
- Aging: As people age, the connective tissues that support the blood vessels in the anal area may weaken, increasing the risk of piles.
Symptoms of Piles
The symptoms of piles can vary depending on the type and severity of the condition. Common symptoms include:
- Pain or Discomfort: External piles can cause pain and discomfort, especially during bowel movements or sitting.
- Bleeding: Bright red blood in the stool or on toilet paper after wiping can indicate bleeding piles.
- Itching: Piles can cause itching and irritation around the anus.
- Swelling: External piles might appear as swollen lumps around the anal area.
- Mucus Discharge: Some individuals might experience mucus discharge from the anus.
- Feeling of Incomplete Bowel Movement: People with piles might still need to empty their bowels.
Diagnosis of Piles
Diagnosing haemorrhoids, commonly known as piles, typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and, occasionally, additional tests.
Medical History
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Physical Examination
During the inspection, a visual and physical examination of the anal area is conducted. Internal hemorrhoids might be evaluated using a proctoscope or anoscope, while external ones are examined externally.
Digital Rectal Examination (DRE)
The doctor may perform a DRE to assess the rectal area for abnormalities, including internal hemorrhoids.
Additional Tests
In cases of persistent bleeding or suspected complications, further tests like sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy might be recommended to rule out other potential causes or to assess the extent of the condition.
It’s crucial to seek medical attention if you experience symptoms suggestive of hemorrhoids. Early diagnosis allows for appropriate management, often including lifestyle changes, dietary modifications, and medical interventions to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications if needed.
Frequently Asked Questions
Piles can appear as swollen lumps around the anus (external piles) or might not be visible and only cause bleeding during bowel movements (internal piles).
The leading causes of piles include straining during bowel movements, pregnancy, a sedentary lifestyle, obesity, a low-fiber diet, chronic diarrhea, and aging.
No, skin tags and piles are not the same. Skin tags are small, harmless skin growths, while piles are enlarged blood vessels in the abdomen and rectal area.
Treatment options include lifestyle changes, dietary adjustments, topical treatments, minimally invasive procedures, and surgery in severe cases. It’s best to consult a medical professional for personalised advice.
Piles can sometimes be resolved independently, mainly with lifestyle changes and home remedies. However, persistent or severe cases might require medical intervention. Symptoms can be relieved, inflammation can be reduced, and piles can shrink or remove piles. Following medical advice and adopting a healthy lifestyle is essential to prevent recurrence.